SunLine Transit Agency Fuel Cell Electric Bus Progress Report, Data Period Focus: Jan. 2020 through Jul. Based on input from the transit and electric drive industries, the analysis examines the state of electric drive technology for C. E. Thomas - Fuel Cell vs. Depending on the model, the battery-powered e-car thus achieves an efficiency of between 70 to 80 percent." The hydrogen fuel cell requires 2-3 times more energy to drive the same distance, as the . Scania's commit­ment to battery electric vehicles. Zero‐Emission . Hydrogen fuel cell buses have an average maintenance cost of $1.00/mile.30 Proterra estimates that over a 12 year lifetime, an all-electric bus will save its operator $448,000 as compared to a traditional diesel vehicle, $408,000 as compared to a CNG vehicle, and $459,000 as compared to When Terry Howe moved to British Columbia to join Ballard Power Systems for a two-year period, never did he imagine that 26 years later he'd still be with the company loving what he's doing, developing fuel cells. Support schemes and cost currently favor electric buses over fuel cell technology. The report relies on data that was made available from transit agencies that have deployed hydrogen fuel cell and battery electric zero-emission buses. CUTRIC ZEB Conference: Fuel cell electric buses vs battery electric buses. The second vehicle is X60, the first ever North American designed and built zero-emission 60-foot battery-electric/fuel cell bus. It had won orders for a number of hydrogen fuel cell (HFC) demonstrator buses, which promised clean electric power with pure water being the only waste product. • Cost: Fuel cell electric bus capital pricing has decreased considerably as volumes have grown. The range extender system has been developed by Bosch Engineering GmbH together with VDL Enabling Transport Solutions within the scope of EU-funded GiantLeap project. This pilot will help determine which technology - or mix of technologies - will help bring even cleaner air . 20 fuel cell buses by Wrightbus for Birmingham. decades, while hydrogen fuel cell buses have been used in test fleets since the late 1990s, with the latest fuel cell technology in operation for a number of years, including hydrogen fuel cell hybrids. Battery Bus Segment to Dominate the Market in the Upcoming Years. Mahmoud et al. Battery electric vehicles will be the main tool to drive this shift and to enable decarbonised transport solutions with better transport economy to customers. The results built operational confidence in electric bus fleets.". In terms of costs, it is expected that FC buses compare similarly with other zero emission powertrains in the long run. The widespread adoption of electric vehicles continues - including transit buses. This has cost savings implications by extending the life of the battery. Announced in early 2017, the Fuel cell electric Bus Commercialization Consortium (FCEBCC) is a large-scale project supporting the deployment of 20 zero-emission hydrogen fuel cell electric buses at two transit agencies in California. Auckland Transport plans to only procure low emission buses from 2025 and have a full low emission fleet by 2040. CALSTART has been the national leader in helping the industry develop and commercialize the next generation of bus technology. The 256 kWh high-capacity battery is appropriate for routes that consume high amounts of electricity with frequent traffic congestion or slopes, as well as for coach services. It plans to add a total of 12 hydrogen fuel-cell buses by 2023, or about one-tenth of its fleet. 2020, L. Eudy and M. Post (March 2021) . It plans to add a total of 12 hydrogen fuel-cell buses by 2023, or about one-tenth of its fleet. Register Now. The analysis is now outdated since battery and vehicle prices have changed considerably since its publication. Fuel cell- and battery-based public bus technologies are reviewed and compared for application in tropical urban areas. Under this temperature decline range, battery electric buses lost around 32.1% efficiency, while fuel cell electric buses dropped 28.6%. Figure 2 outlines these benefits. cost-comparison-and-fuel-technology-direction-battery-electric-bus-vs-fuel-cell-bus. The English city of Birmingham has ordered 20 hydrogen double-decker buses. Hydrogen fuel cells for buses have had a long development gestation period. The project is sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) through California Climate Investments. The project is sponsored by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) through California Climate Investments. The basics behind fuel-cell technology. Hydrogen fuel cell electric bus is a type of bus that uses hydrogen fuel cell as the power source, ensuring zero emission driving. Cummins Inc. (NYSE: CMI) and Bustech, Australia's largest supplier of transit buses designed, engineered and manufactured in Australia, announced an agreement to build the next generation Bustech XDi low floor transit bus using Cummins zero-emission battery electric and hydrogen fuel cell technologies. Currently, the target price for a 12‐meter fuel cell electric bus is €650,000 By that time, the rest of its buses will be diesel-electric hybrids. Fuel cell dominant system with battery for peak acceleration events 6 • DFMA analysis of FC Medium Duty Vehicle (MDV) or Heavy Duty Vehicle (HDV) • Leverage past work: A fuel cell electric bus (FCEB) is a battery hybrid electric bus with a lightweight, on board, fuel cell power system. This paper scrutinizes the reported literature on fuel cell bus, fuel cell electric bus, battery electric bus, hybrid electric bus, internal combustion diesel bus and compressed natural gas bus. The 20 new buses will be part of the Birmingham City Council's Clean Air Hydrogen Bus Pilot. FCEBs have a level of service equivalent to that of diesel-fueled . on the volume required for the energy supply on the car is shown in Figure 6, again as a function of range. However, most fleet managers will only purchase battery electric buses (BEBs) if they are cost-effective when compared to traditional diesel buses over their lifetime. Since the first deployments in the 1990s, purchasing costs for fuel cell electric buses have fallen by more than 75%. 1595634139. • Cost: Fuel cell electric bus capital pricing has decreased considerably as volumes have grown. The cost of a diesel bus can range from roughly $450K to $750K depending on the characteristics of the bus. The CNG fleet had an average diesel-equivalent fuel economy of 4.29 mpdge, approximately four times lower than that of the BEB fleets. FC buses use power from a fuel cell stack and a battery and run on hydrogen which can be stored and refuelled at bus depots. The biggest difference in bus technology comes in the form of application: fuel cell electric buses typically perform better in longer routes compared to battery electric. Approximately 90% of the unavailable days are attributed primarily to problems in other bus subsystems, including the battery pack, hybrid electric drive, and general bus maintenance. The batteries remain at optimum charge throughout the day. The vehicles are realized adding a trailer (housing the fuel cell technology) to the bus, that actually results in a battery-electric bus with fuel cell range extender. 2020, L. Eudy and M. Post . A fuel-cell electric bus costs some $1.2 million compared to $750,000 to $900,000 for a battery- electric bus, according to a report by the Alameda-Contra Costa Transit District. Fuel Cell Electric Buses offer a very promising option for low-emission public transportation. trucks-buses. Battery Electric Vehicles. Electric buses using the latest battery and charging technology, on the other hand, are currently being trai ell d throughout Europe. Battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) have seen only modest improvements in two critical areas - lowering battery pack costs and raising energy and power density. Geely New Energy Commercial Vehicle Group's (GCV) subsidiary brand, Yuan Cheng, launched two new zero-emission buses at a ceremony in Beijing: the F12 hydrogen fuel cell bus and C11 battery-electric bus. The basics behind fuel-cell technology. We have spurred advanced powertrain development, such as fuel cells, advanced charging solutions such a Vehicle to Grid , demonstrated progressively more capable battery-electric bus designs and outlined the breakthrough areas for bus automation. than Battery Electric Buses, which suffer from long charging times and the additional weight of batteries. This . The round trip was 184km, with the bus using 41% of its battery capacity and average power use of 84/kWh for every 100km travelled. BEBs are powered by battery packs that run an electric motor to turn the wheels, the same as battery-powered electric cars. While MDOT MTA plans to deploy battery-electric buses in the initial years of the ZEB transition, the agency says it will continue to evaluate developments in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. It is really hard to tell whether the fuel cell bus or the battery electric bus is more economic to operate as I could not find any information on the cost of the vehicles other than the UK invested 11.2 m pounds in the fuel cell development. Fuel cells can be used to power the electric motor of buses, utility vehicles, and electric scooters. Battery powered electric vehicle with fuel cell range extender 2. The agreement provides for initial units to be developed for both battery electric and . The financial analysis of electric buses vs. the existing fleet of buses looks at the difference in the cost of a new electric bus vs. a diesel bus, and the cost of overall operations including fuel and maintenance costs. Federal grants have helped transport operators finance the purchase of 1,500 e-buses, the environment ministry said Feb. 17. from the NREL fuel cell bus evaluations. Operability: the same convenience as a diesel bus but with longer operating range and fuel efficiency. In such hybrid architecture, the fuel cell provides all of the energy for the vehicle operation, whilst the batteries/capacitors are able to provide peak power to the motors to meet rapid acceleration and gradients. Under the right . The range extender system has been developed by Bosch Engineering GmbH together with VDL Enabling Transport Solutions within the scope of EU-funded GiantLeap project. A fuel cell electric vehicle generates electricity using hydrogen as fuel, and also delivers energy to the powertrain. Problems with the fuel cell system account for only a small fraction of the unavailable days. Through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and air, the fuel cells generate DC power for the bus electric drive and recharge the batteries. In A fuel cell combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, heat, and water. [4] provide a more recent analysis of six alternative technologies: diesel, hybrid (parallel and series), This report evaluates the effects of changes in ambient temperature on the fuel efficiency and range of zero emission buses. The hydrogen-powered fuel cell is a lightweight on-board power generator operating at a (relative) constant output supplying 100% of the bus' daily energy needs and extending electric bus range. CALIFORNIA FUEL CELL PARTNERSHIP 7 Fuel cell electric buses are well beyond showing promise and have demonstrated their value as an option for many transit agencies that require buses that offer longer range, quick fueling times, a business case that matches their current bus and fueling operations, and operate well in extreme cold or heat. BEB=Battery Electric Bus; FCEB=Fuel Cell Electric Bus (a) Includes only vehicles reported in NTD 2016 as vehicle types bus, articulated bus, over-the-road bus, and double decker and mode types CB,MB,DR, and RB (b)Total bus numbers exclude paratransit vehicles 2040 target not a directive from Board. Announced in early 2017, the Fuel cell electric Bus Commercialization Consortium (FCEBCC) is a large-scale project supporting the deployment of 20 zero-emission hydrogen fuel cell electric buses at two transit agencies in California. In 1998, Ballard Power Systems of Vancouver, Canada was a technology darling stock. Transit buses are well positioned to be the next heavy-duty vehicle market segment to significantly electrify. transport at ownership costs competitive with battery electric buses and with relatively modest premiums relative to incumbent diesel vehicles (c.15-20%)." Hydrogen Fuel Deployments around the world have proven fuel cell electric buses can be fueled safely and efficiently in the depot. A battery electric bus is an electric bus that is driven by an electric motor and obtains energy from on-board batteries.Many trolleybuses use batteries as an auxiliary or emergency power source.. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) found that total operating cost per mile of an electric bus fleet and a diesel bus fleet in the United States in 2018 is about equal. It probably depends on the cost of hydrogen and whether the hydrogen is "green". Electric buses are better for the climate than diesel buses everywhere in the country Battery electric buses range from 1.4 to 7.7 times better than a diesel bus, as shown in miles per gallon emissions-equivalency. The vast majority of these fuel cells use oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen; therefore, these vehicles only emit water and heat as byproducts. Foothill Transit Battery Electric Bus Evaluation: Final Report, M. Jeffers and L. Eudy (June 2021) . Currently, the target price for a 12‐meter fuel cell electric bus is €650,000 The results built operational confidence in electric bus fleets.". Mahmoud et al. [4] provide a more recent analysis of six alternative technologies: diesel, hybrid (parallel and series), NFI offers the widest range of zero-emission battery and fuel cell-electric buses and coaches, and the Company's vehicles have completed over 50 million EV service miles. In a 2017 discussion paper of the European JIVE program, the authors noted, "This is a profound conclusion - fuel cell buses can provide zero emission public transport at ownership costs competitive with battery electric buses and with relatively modest fuel buses, which included battery-electric buses and analyzed costs. This discussion focuses on aspects of the technologies, and their potential market share, operational performance, and environmental performance. AC Transit is leading the way to this zero-emission future by its integration of battery-electric technology into our fleet. The space to store lead acid batteries would preclude a full five­passenger vehicle with a range of more than 150 miles, while the NiMH would be limited in practice to less than . A fuel cell combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, heat, and water. The major reason for developing fuel cell . Financial Analysis of Battery Electric Transit Buses (2020) The fuel cell can also charge the battery. In battery electric vehicles, batteries store and deliver energy to the powertrain. Fuel Cell Truck Analysis Two powertrain architecture options can be considered: 1. The batteries are recharged by plug-in chargers using electricity from the transmission grid. Guidebook for Deploying Zero-Emission Transit Buses These have joined our hydrogen fuel cell buses to expand our clean vehicle infrastructure and provide valuable data comparing battery-electric-bus to fuel cell-electric-bus technology in order to determine what works best . Since the first deployments in the 1990s, purchasing costs for fuel cell electric buses have fallen by more than 75%. In doing so, we consider three main types of electric buses: the hybrid electric bus (HEB), the fuel cell electric bus (FCEB), and the battery electric bus (BEB). Public battery-electric and hydrogen fuel cell buses are comparatively evaluated by means of a total cost of ownership (TCO) model building on historical data and a projection of market prices. Fuel cell electric transit buses (FCEB) were among the first fuel cell demonstrations in the heavy-duty on-road sector and hundreds have been demonstrated globally since 1991. By that time, the rest of its buses will be diesel-electric hybrids. The price of fuel cell vehicles - especially buses - has been reduced by 65% over the past 10 years, whilst batteries have seen a decrease in costs by more than 85% in the same timeframe. E-mobility specialist Quantron AG has revealed that it is launching a 12m electric bus at the end of this year. Orange County Transportation Authority Fuel Cell Electric Bus Progress Report, Data Period Focus: Feb. 2020 through Jul. In addition, fuel cell electric buses are eligible for California HVIP incentives. Affordability: superior cost of ownership vs. an all‐battery bus. Scania's aim is to be the leader in the shift towards a sustainable transport system. The loss in range during a temperature change from 50° F to 60° F to 22° F to 32° F was shown to be greater for battery-electric buses at 37.8% than for fuel cell electric buses at 23.1%. The battery-electric bus segment holds a major electric bus market share in the global market. Unlike buses that run on fossil fuels, a hydrogen fuel cell electric bus is powered by two of earth's most common basic components —oxygen and hydrogen. The analysis is now outdated since battery and vehicle prices have changed considerably since its publication. CLICK HERE TO READ THE FULL STUDY An expanding fleet of electric and fuel cell buses is taking to urban streets in several countries, notably the United States and China. fuel buses, which included battery-electric buses and analyzed costs. Fuel cell buses use hydrogen to generate electricity as opposed to battery-electric buses that store electric energy on board, thereby making it possible to refuel hydrogen fuel cell buses rather than recharging them. As Bloomberg News ( 1) pointed out toward the end of 2019, the stock prices of companies closely associated with hydrogen fuel cells are making a comeback. public. The low-floor city bus with a capacity for up to 95 passengers will be offered in two versions - a fully battery electric variant and fuel cell electric version. Moreover, as I've previously mentioned, driving on electricity is cheaper compared to driving on oil. An electric bus from the San Diego Metropolitan Transit System (MTS) and a hydrogen fuel cell bus from the SunLine Transit Agency will be on display from 12:30 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. at the NCTD General Administration Office located at 810 Mission Avenue, Oceanside. A new study, realized in the US and funded under a National Fuel Cell Bus Program grant, provides a clear answer: the switch to cold temperatures (between -5 and 0° C) affects the range of up to 38 per cent decrease in case of battery-electric buses, and up to 23 per cent decrease for hydrogen-powered buses. Proterra's typical bus has eight battery packs, lots . Fuel Cell Buses, Utility Vehicles and Scooters. They will be manufactured by Wrightbus and will be used by the bus operator National Express West Midlands from April 2021. ity buses (vs. inter-city or charter buses) are especially well-suited to electric power because they are regularly returned to a central depot where they can be . Fuel cells are similar to batteries. The Zero‐Emission Bus Deployment Guidebook is a tool for educating transit agencies on current best practices for electric and fuel cell bus deployments and represents lessons learned from previous deployments, industry experts, and available industry resources. 19 JANUARI 2021. A fuel cell electric bus is an electric bus that includes both a hydrogen fuel cell and batteries/capacitors. by 2030, 84 percent of new municipal buses sold will be electric.9 By 2040, 80 percent of the world's city bus fleet will be electric, along with 33 percent of the world's cars. Among various commercial electric vehicles - buses, trucks, and special cars, - the electric buses, Elec City, were the first to be mass-produced for this reason. This analysis shows that the fuel economy and range of electric drive buses may vary significantly with changes in . As part of its plan to convert the OC Bus fleet to 100 percent zero-emission technology by 2040, OCTA has invested in 10 plug-in battery-electric buses and an equal number of hydrogen fuel-cell electric buses. kWh per mile for BEB 40FC, which equate to diesel-equivalent fuel economies of 17.47 mpdge and 17.96 mpdge, respectively. Hydrogen buses have three main advantages over battery-electric buses. Better yet, battery electric and fuel cell buses produce zero tailpipe emissions, and can use renewable resources like solar and wind power to charge their batteries or produce hydrogen to power fuel cells. The round trip was 184km, with the bus using 41% of its battery capacity and average power use of 84/kWh for every 100km travelled. The F12 is Geely's first commercial vehicle which utilizes hydrogen fuel cell technology and after a 10-minute refueling can run more than 500 km (311 miles). BAE Systems' Series-EV technology provides your buses with full electric power and propulsion using battery electric or fuel cell electric configurations. The vehicles are realized adding a trailer (housing the fuel cell technology) to the bus, that actually results in a battery-electric bus with fuel cell range extender. As of the start of this year, the country had commissioned 755 battery buses versus 49 hydrogen fuel cell buses. Zero-Emission Bus Program. Battery-powered buses store electricity in large battery capacity packs. The operating duty cycle of a bus has a significant effect on fuel economy. . Transit authorities value the fuel savings, easier maintenance, and lower operations costs. Auckland Transport plans to only procure low emission buses from 2025 and have a full low emission fleet by 2040.